Basic Checks To Keep A Car Reliable

Engine oil prevents components rubbing together excessively and wearing prematurely. It is, therefore, important to check how much is present via minimum and maximum markers on the dipstick. Make sure the car is on flat ground then remove the dipstick, clean, and replace. Remove the stick for a second time then take a reading. Oil becomes less effective over time so change it every 10,000 miles/1 year. Replace the filter too.

Power steering fluid is part of the system that makes turning the front wheels easier. It should be changed in accordance with manufacturer recommendations which is likely to be infrequently. It is, however, important to check the level (say) monthly in case there is a leak. Locate the reservoir - via the manual if necessary - then inspect the high/low marks.

Windscreen wiper blades wear relatively slowly so it is easy to miss the degradation. Warning signs include smudges and smears on the glass that limit visibility. Check monthly for tears, cracks and excessive firmness/drying out caused by temperature changes. It is preferable to replace blades annually to ensure maximum visibility. A premium blade is typically more effective than a budget blade and the more sensible purchase. Remember to check the rear wiper blade too.

Coolant is a mixture of antifreeze and water that passes through channels in the engine block to prevent overheating. An excessively hot engine is likely to breakdown and – if damaged – cost a fortune to repair. Check the coolant level monthly via the minimum and maximum markers on the reservoir.

The engine bay contains various rubber belts and hoses. They relate to the alternator, air-conditioner and cooling system, etc. Many form part of critical systems. Rubber perishes – particularly when exposed to the extreme temperatures in an engine bay - so check the condition every few months. Hoses should be reasonably firm – but not rock solid - properly secured and free of leaks. Inspect belts for tears and cracks.

Without brake fluid the vehicle cannot stop. Check the system for leaks on a monthly basis via the minimum and maximum markers on the reservoir. The vehicle manual confirms its location. Replacement fluid is typically needed every 2 years.

The battery enables the engine to start but becomes less effective over time. A multimeter – to some extent - provides an insight into its health. A strong battery should read about 12.6 volts with the engine off and not fall below about 10 as it starts. Check every 6 months or more frequently if the battery is old. Whatever its age, maximise performance by removing any corrosion from the positive / negative terminals.

A tyre influences how the car handles, brakes and rides so should be inspected weekly. The correct pressure – that might vary from front to rear and based on how much weight the vehicle is carrying – can be confirmed via a sticker on the a-pillar and/or the manual. Also check for punctures, splits, bulges and cracks. To be legal, a tyre must have at least 1.6mm of tread across the central 75% of its width, and around the circumference. Confirm using a tread depth measuring tool.